Stavudine Capsules

Stavudine is an antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Here is a full description of Stavudine Capsules USP:

1. Generic Name: Stavudine
2. Class:
   • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI): Stavudine inhibits the activity of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme essential for the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
3. Brand Names:
   • Stavudine is available under various brand names.
4. Indications:
   • Treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral medications.
   • Stavudine is not a cure for HIV/AIDS but helps in slowing down the progression of the disease.
5. Mechanism of Action:
   • Stavudine is phosphorylated within cells to its active form, stavudine triphosphate.
   • The active form competes with the natural building blocks of viral DNA, leading to premature termination of the viral DNA chain during replication.
6. Dosage:
   • The dosage may vary based on the specific antiretroviral regimen and the patient’s individual health needs.
   • Stavudine is typically administered orally in the form of capsules.
7. Common Side Effects:
   • Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and peripheral neuropathy.
   • Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect affecting the nerves, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or pain in the extremities.
8. Precautions:
   • Stavudine may cause lactic acidosis, a potentially serious condition. Patients with symptoms such as rapid breathing, muscle aches, and abdominal pain should seek medical attention.
   • Regular monitoring of blood counts, liver function, and kidney function is important during treatment.
9. Contraindications:
   • Hypersensitivity to stavudine or any of its components.
   • Stavudine is contraindicated in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
10. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding:
    • The use of stavudine during pregnancy is generally considered when the benefits outweigh the risks.
    • It is excreted in breast milk, and the decision to breastfeed should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.
11. Drug Interactions:
    • Stavudine may interact with other medications, and adjustments in dosage or monitoring may be necessary when used in combination with certain drugs.

As with any antiretroviral medication, Stavudine should be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Regular medical follow-ups and adherence to prescribed dosages are crucial for the effective management of HIV/AIDS.